Tyrosinase (TYR) Mouse Monoclonal Antibody [Clone ID: T311]

Specifications

Product Data
Clone Name	T311
Applications	FC, IF, IHC, IP, WB
Recommend Dilution	ELISA: Use Antibody without BSA for Coating. Western blot: 0.5-1 µg/ml.   Immunoprecipitation: 1-2 µg/500 µg protein lysate.  Immunofluorescence: 1-2 µg/ml.  Flow Cytometry: 0.5-1 µg/106 cells. Immunohistochemistry on Frozen Sections.  Immunohistochemistry on Paraffin Sections: Use Tyrosinase T311 Antibody at 0.5-1 µg/ml for 30 minutes at RT. Staining of formalin-fixed tissues requires boiling tissue sections in 1mM EDTA, pH 7.5-8.5, for 10-20 min followed by cooling at RT for 20 minutes.  Positive Control: SK-MEL-13, SK-MEL-19, SK-MEL-30, SK-MEL-37 cells or Melanoma.
Reactivity	Human
Host	Mouse
Clonality	Monoclonal
Immunogen	Recombinant Tyrosinase protein
Specificity	Tyrosinase has been shown to be a very specific marker for melanomas, not cross reacting with any other tumors or normal tissues tested.  This Monoclonal antibody is specific to a cluster of proteins between 70-80 kD known as Tyrosinase. The antibody does not show any cross-reaction with MAGE-1 and tyrosinase-related protein-1, TRP-1/gp75. Staining of melanomas with this antibody showed Tyrosinase in melanotic as well as amelanotic variants.  This Monoclonal antibody is a useful marker for melanocytes and melanomas.  Cellular Localization: Cytoplasmic.
Formulation	10mM PBS State: Purified State: Liquid purified IgG fraction purified from Bioreactor Concentrate Stabilizer: 0.05% BSA Preservative: 0.05% Sodium Azide
Concentration	lot specific
Purification	Protein A/G Chromatography
Conjugation	Unconjugated
Storage Condition	Store undiluted at 2-8°C.
Predicted Protein Size	70-80 kDa
Gene Name	tyrosinase
Database Link	Entrez Gene 7299 Human UniProt ID P14679
Background	Tyrosinase (Tyr) is a trans-membrane glycoprotein that belongs to the type 3 copper protein family (Yin, 2011). It plays a key role in the melanosynthetic pathway and is required for the synthesis of both types of melanin, eumelanin and pheomelanin (Hu, 2011). Tyrosinase is the rate limiting enzyme catalyzing the first two steps in the melanin biosynthesis, converting tyrosine to L-dihydroxy-phenylalanine (DOPA) and subsequently to DOPAquinone (K, 2013). The pigmentation of skin, the browning of vegetables, wound healing and cuticle formation in insects are some of the major responsibilities performed by tyrosinase (Yin, 2011). This melanocyte-specific enzyme is localized to the post-Golgi compartment termed the melanosome (Francis, 2003). Tyrosinase consists of 533 amino acids along with 7 occupied N-glycosylation sites, 17 cysteine residues grouped in 2 cysteine-rich domains, 2 copper binding domains, and 1 C-terminal TMD (Popescu, 2006). It folds in the ER and is transported to the trans-Golgi network where two copper ions are incorporated and performs different catalytic reactions such as the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (cresolase activity) and the oxidation of o-diphenols to o-quinones (catechol oxidase activity) (Yin, 2011) . From here it continues its journey to the melanosomes where it initiates the melanin synthesis. This protein is related with severe skin diseases such as type 1 albinism and melanoma and an important target for anti-melanoma vaccine therapies (Popescu, 2006 and Han, 2007). Anti-tyrosinase antibodies may be applied for immunotherapy in patients with malignant melanoma (Merimsky, 1998).
Synonyms	LB24-AB; OCA1A; OCAIA; SHEP3; SK29-AB; tyrosinase
Reference Data

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